MPLS:
With Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) technology, support can be provided nationwide for all layer 2 and layer 3 encapsulations.
MPLSMPLS is the latest technology to be deployed in data communication. It leverages existing ATM hardware. It is fast forwarding. It can be used both for IP traffic enjoying, VPN and other IP based services like voice/video.
MPLS is supported by IETF (International Engineering Task Force).
GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network):
GPON is high bandwidth shared fiber access technology that is used around the world for Fiber to the Home (FTTH) applications. GPON technology is also deployed for FTTx. With GPON, home users can enjoy converged triple play (data, voice & video) services at home with quality and speed. GPON uses ITU-T standard G.984. With ITU standardization on GPON, multiple vendors around the world are manufacturing equipment for GPON and operators are offering services through GPON. With a single Core Fiber G.984 allows for 60 km maximum reach and 20 km of differential reach with up to 128 subscribers at the moment.
SDH
SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) is an international standard for high speed telecommunication transmission system over optical/electrical networks which can transport digital signals in variable capacities.
It is a synchronous system which intends to provide a more flexible, yet simple network infrastructure. SDH deployed for long haul network. Capacities of SHD range from STM-1, STM-4, STM-16 to STM-64 (STM1 = 63 E1).
DWDM:
(Dense Wave Division Multiplexing) DWDM is an optical technology to increase the bandwidth over existing fiber optic backbone.
A key advantage of DWDM is that it is a protocol and bit-rate independent. DWDM based networks can transmit data in IP, ATM, SDH and Ethernet.
DWDM can handle bit rates from as low 100 Mbps to several gigabits over a single strand of fiber. DWDM achieves this by using various wavelength of light in the same fiber.
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